Dar-es-Salaam Symptom Questionnaire (DSQ)

Information about Measure
First Name Sylvia
Last Name Kaaya
Email
Affiliation Muhimnili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Department of Psychiatry
Other means of contacting author (e.g., website, Academia.edu, ResearchGate) https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sylvia_Kaaya3
Mental health assessment tool that was adapted/developed/validated Dar-es-Salaam Symptom Questionnaire (DSQ)
Mental health condition assessed Anxiety and Depression
Idiom of distress included, if any Numerous
Lifestage of interest Adult (General)
Age range (age – age) 15-48
Country or countries where tool was developed/adapted/validated Tanzania
Language(s) of the adapted/developed/validated tool Kiswahili
Clinical or community sample? Clinical
Subpopulation in which tool was developed/validated (e.g., tool was developed and tested among middle-class women)? Antenatal clinic attendees in Dar-es-Salaam
Development procedures locally-developed, validated, culturally-adapted
If validated, what was the gold standard? Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL-25)
Description of other development procedures, if applicable
Cronbach’s alpha 0.84
Sensitivity
Spec
Other information about tool (e.g., additional psychometrics [NPV, PPV, Youden’s index, diagnostic odds ratio]) Additional psychometrics evaluated include: inter-rater reliability (intraclass r = 0.89), and test-retest reliability (intraclass r = 0.82).
Links to development/adaptation/validation studies and/or previous studies using the tool Lee, B., Kaaya, S. F., Mbwambo, J. K., Smith-Fawzi, M. C., & Leshabari, M. T. (2008). Detecting Depressive Disorder With the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 in Tanzania. International Journal of Social Psychiatry54(1), 7–20. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764006074995
Notes when administering the tool The DSQ should be administered verbally to participants by trained research assistants.

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)- Ethiopia

Information about Measure
First Name Ayalu Aklilu
Last Name Reda
Email Not Available
Affiliation Department of Public Health, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia
Other means of contacting author (e.g., website, Academia.edu, ResearchGate)
Mental health assessment tool that was adapted/developed/validated Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) – Ethiopian Version
Mental health condition assessed Anxiety and Depression
Idiom of distress included, if any Not Applicable
Lifestage of interest Adult (General)
Age range (age – age)
Country or countries where tool was developed/adapted/validated Ethiopia
Language(s) of the adapted/developed/validated tool Amharic
Clinical or community sample? Clinical
Subpopulation in which tool was developed/validated (e.g., tool was developed and tested among middle-class women)? HIV/AIDS Patients
Development procedures Culturally adapted
If validated, what was the gold standard?
Description of other development procedures, if applicable
Cronbach’s alpha 0.87
Sensitivity
Spec
Other information about tool (e.g., additional psychometrics [NPV, PPV, Youden’s index, diagnostic odds ratio]) Additionally, Cronbach’s alpha for the anxiety and depression subscales were 0.76 and 0.87 respectively. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.80, 0.86, and 0.84 for the anxiety subscale, depression subscale, and full scale respectively.
Links to development/adaptation/validation studies and/or previous studies using the tool Reda AA (2011) Reliability and Validity of the Ethiopian Version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in HIV Infected Patients. PLoS
ONE 6(1): e16049. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016049
Notes when administering the tool The Ethiopian HADS should be administered verbally by a trained research assistant fluent in Amharic. Each item is scored from 0-3, meaning that an individual can score from 0-21 for the full scale. All items on the scale are summed with equal weight to produce a total score. The total score can also be separated into the anxiety and depression subscales.

Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC) – Botswana

Information about Measure
First Name Elizabeth
Last Name Lowenthal
Email
Affiliation University of Pennsylvania
Other means of contacting author (e.g., website, Academia.edu, ResearchGate)
Mental health assessment tool that was adapted/developed/validated Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC)
Mental health condition assessed General Mental Health/Wellbeing/Quality of Life
Idiom of distress included, if any Not Applicable
Lifestage of interest Childhood or Adolescence
Country or countries where tool was developed/adapted/validated Botswana
Language(s) of the adapted/developed/validated tool Setswana
Clinical or community sample? Clinical
Subpopulation in which tool was developed/validated (e.g., tool was developed and tested among middle-class women)? HIV-infected children aged 8 to 16 years old attending infectious disease clinics
Development procedures Culturally adapted
If validated, what was the gold standard?
Description of other development procedures, if applicable
Cronbach’s alpha 0.87
Sensitivity 0.62
Spec 0.86
Other information about tool (e.g., additional psychometrics [NPV, PPV, Youden’s index, diagnostic odds ratio]) The area under the curve (AUC) for the full 35-item scale was 0.85. Based off of this study, a cut-off score of 20 is recommended. The psychometric properties were assessed for the full 35-item PSC, as well as a shortened 17-item version. More information about the shortened 17-item version of the scale is detailed in the original publication.
Links to development/adaptation/validation studies and/or previous studies using the tool Lowenthal, E., Lawler, K., Harari, N., Moamogwe, L., Masunge, J., Masedi, M., Gross, R. (2011). Validation of the Pediatric Symptom Checklist in HIV-infected Batswana. Journal of Child & Adolescent Mental Health, 23(1), 17-28. doi:10.2989/17280583.2011.594245
Notes when administering the tool The PSC should be verbally delivered to caregivers by trained research assistants. The youth version of the PSC (PSC-Y) can be completed by children if deemed appropriate, and should also be verbally administered by trained research assistants who can aid in the completion of the scale.

Zagazig Depression Scale

Information about Measure
First Name Ahmed
Last Name Ibrahim
Email Not Available
Affiliation Community Health School, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University
Other means of contacting author (e.g., website, Academia.edu, ResearchGate)
Mental health assessment tool that was adapted/developed/validated Zagazig Depression Scale
Mental health condition assessed Depressive Disorders
Idiom of distress included, if any Not Applicable
Lifestage of interest Adult (General)
Age range (age – age) 16-26
Country or countries where tool was developed/adapted/validated Egypt
Language(s) of the adapted/developed/validated tool Arabic
Clinical or community sample? Community
Subpopulation in which tool was developed/validated (e.g., tool was developed and tested among middle-class women)? University students
Development procedures validated
If validated, what was the gold standard? Validated using the PHQ (Patient Health Questionnaire) as a screening tool for depression
Description of other development procedures, if applicable
Cronbach’s alpha 0.904
Sensitivity
Spec
Other information about tool (e.g., additional psychometrics [NPV, PPV, Youden’s index, diagnostic odds ratio])
Links to development/adaptation/validation studies and/or previous studies using the tool Ibrahim, A. K., Kelly, S. J., & Glazebrook, C. (2012). Reliability of a shortened version of the Zagazig Depression Scale and prevalence of depression in an Egyptian university student sample. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 53(5), 638-647. doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2011.06.007
Notes when administering the tool For this validation study, students filled out the Zagazig Depression Scale independently and returned to researchers. Items were summed with equal weight to yield a total score.

Luo Perceived Stress Scale

Information about Measure
First Name Gillian
Last Name Ice
Email
Affiliation Ohio University College of Osteopathic Medicine
Other means of contacting author (e.g., website, Academia.edu, ResearchGate)
Mental health assessment tool that was adapted/developed/validated Luo Perceived Stress Scale
Mental health condition assessed Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders
Idiom of distress included, if any kimi, yiengni, tetni, jachir, bebni
Lifestage of interest Elderly
Age range (age – age)
Country or countries where tool was developed/adapted/validated Kenya
Language(s) of the adapted/developed/validated tool Dholuo
Clinical or community sample? Community
Subpopulation in which tool was developed/validated (e.g., tool was developed and tested among middle-class women)?
Development procedures locally-developed
If validated, what was the gold standard? Criterion validity was examined through the associations between LPSS score and caregiving, social networks, depression, and cortisol
Description of other development procedures, if applicable
Cronbach’s alpha 0.75
Sensitivity
Spec
Other information about tool (e.g., additional psychometrics [NPV, PPV, Youden’s index, diagnostic odds ratio])
Links to development/adaptation/validation studies and/or previous studies using the tool Ice, G. H., & Yogo, J. (2005). Measuring Stress Among Luo Elders: Development of the Luo Perceived Stress Scale. Field Methods, 17(4), 394-411. doi:10.1177/1525822×05280176
Notes when administering the tool The LPSS should be administered verbally by trained research assistants. Items are coded dichotonomously, positive items are reverse coded, and the LPSS total score is calculated by summing all items with equal weight.

Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)- Ethiopia

Information about Measure
First Name Charlotte
Last Name Hanlon
Email [email protected]
Affiliation King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry
Other means of contacting author (e.g., website, Academia.edu, ResearchGate)
Mental health assessment tool that was adapted/developed/validated Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)- Ethiopian Version
Mental health condition assessed Depressive Disorders
Idiom of distress included, if any Not Applicable
Lifestage of interest Adult (General)
Age range (age – age)
Country or countries where tool was developed/adapted/validated Ethiopia
Language(s) of the adapted/developed/validated tool Amharic
Clinical or community sample? Community
Subpopulation in which tool was developed/validated (e.g., tool was developed and tested among middle-class women)? Perinatal women in rural Ethiopia
Development procedures validated,culturally-adapted
If validated, what was the gold standard? The gold standard measure of perinatal CMD used in this assessment was full psychiatric assessment by one of four Ethiopian psychiatry trainees
Description of other development procedures, if applicable
Cronbach’s alpha 0.47
Sensitivity 0.77
Spec 0.36
Other information about tool (e.g., additional psychometrics [NPV, PPV, Youden’s index, diagnostic odds ratio]) Additionally, area under the curve (AUC) was 0.62 (95%CI 0.49 to 0.76).
Links to development/adaptation/validation studies and/or previous studies using the tool Hanlon, C., Medhin, G., Alem, A., Araya, M., Abdulahi, A., Hughes, M., . . . Prince, M. (2008). Detecting perinatal common mental disorders in Ethiopia: Validation of the self-reporting questionnaire and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Journal of Affective Disorders, 108(3), 251-262. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2007.10.023
Notes when administering the tool The EPDS should be administered as a verbal interview, with appropriate probing of responses to items which require repetition, appear to to be understood, or are answered affirmatively. All interviews should be conducted by trained research assistants.

Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ)- Ethiopia

Information about Measure
First Name Charlotte
Last Name Hanlon
Email [email protected]
Affiliation King’s College London, Institute of Psychiatry
Other means of contacting author (e.g., website, Academia.edu, ResearchGate)
Mental health assessment tool that was adapted/developed/validated Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ)
Mental health condition assessed Depressive Disorders
Idiom of distress included, if any Not Applicable
Lifestage of interest Adult (General)
Age range (age – age)
Country or countries where tool was developed/adapted/validated Ethiopia
Language(s) of the adapted/developed/validated tool Amharic
Clinical or community sample? Community
Subpopulation in which tool was developed/validated (e.g., tool was developed and tested among middle-class women)? Perinatal women in rural Ethiopia
Development procedures culturally-adapted,validated
If validated, what was the gold standard? The gold standard measure of perinatal CMD used in this assessment was full psychiatric assessment by one of four Ethiopian psychiatry trainees
Description of other development procedures, if applicable
Cronbach’s alpha 0.88
Sensitivity 0.684
Spec 0.62
Other information about tool (e.g., additional psychometrics [NPV, PPV, Youden’s index, diagnostic odds ratio]) Area under the curve (AUC) was 0.70 (95%CI 0.57 to 0.83).
Links to development/adaptation/validation studies and/or previous studies using the tool Hanlon, C., Medhin, G., Alem, A., Araya, M., Abdulahi, A., Hughes, M., . . . Prince, M. (2008). Detecting perinatal common mental disorders in Ethiopia: Validation of the self-reporting questionnaire and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Journal of Affective Disorders, 108(3), 251-262. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2007.10.023
Notes when administering the tool The SRQ-20 should be administered as a verbal interview, with appropriate probing of responses to items which require repetition, appear to to be understood, or are answered affirmatively. All interviews should be conducted by trained research assistants.

Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)- Zimbabwe

Information about Measure
First Name Dixon
Last Name Chibanda
Email Not Available
Affiliation Wake Forest University Health Sciences
Other means of contacting author (e.g., website, Academia.edu, ResearchGate)
Mental health assessment tool that was adapted/developed/validated Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)
Mental health condition assessed Depressive Disorders
Idiom of distress included, if any Not Applicable
Lifestage of interest Adult (General)
Age range (age – age)
Country or countries where tool was developed/adapted/validated Zimbabwe
Language(s) of the adapted/developed/validated tool Shona
Clinical or community sample? Clinical
Subpopulation in which tool was developed/validated (e.g., tool was developed and tested among middle-class women)? Postpartum mothers aged 18 years and older, who attended the routine postnatal check-up at 6 weeks after delivery with an infant aged between 6–7 weeks and resided within the Chitungwiza catchment area
Development procedures culturally-adapted,validated
If validated, what was the gold standard? Validated against DSM-IV criteria for major depression diagnoses by trained clinicians.
Description of other development procedures, if applicable
Cronbach’s alpha 0.87
Sensitivity 0.88
Spec 0.87
Other information about tool (e.g., additional psychometrics [NPV, PPV, Youden’s index, diagnostic odds ratio]) Additional psychometric properties assessed include: PPV: 0.74, NPV: 0.94, and AUC: 0.82.
Links to development/adaptation/validation studies and/or previous studies using the tool Chibanda, D., Mangezi, W., Tshimanga, M., Woelk, G., Rusakaniko, P., Stranix-Chibanda, L., Shetty, A. K. (2009). Validation of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale among women in a high HIV prevalence area in urban Zimbabwe. Archives of Womens Mental Health, 13(3), 201-206. doi:10.1007/s00737-009-0073-6
Notes when administering the tool Interviews were administered verbally to participants, and all items were summed with equal weight to determine a total score. Based off of this study, a cut-off score of 11 was determined to be optimal for the Shona version of the EPDS.

Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC)- Rwanda

Information about Measure
First Name Theresa
Last Name Betancourt
Email [email protected]
Affiliation Boston College School of Social Work
Other means of contacting author (e.g., website, Academia.edu, ResearchGate)
Mental health assessment tool that was adapted/developed/validated Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC)
Mental health condition assessed Depressive Disorders
Idiom of distress included, if any Not Applicable
Lifestage of interest Childhood or Adolescence
Age range (age – age)
Country or countries where tool was developed/adapted/validated Rwanda
Language(s) of the adapted/developed/validated tool Kinyarwanda
Clinical or community sample? Community
Subpopulation in which tool was developed/validated (e.g., tool was developed and tested among middle-class women)?
Development procedures culturally-adapted,validated
If validated, what was the gold standard? To examine criterion validity, CES-DC scores were compared with depression diagnoses on a structured diagnostic interview, the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children (MINI KID). Caregiver and child or adolescent self-reports endorsing the presence of local depression-like problems agahinda kenshi (persistent sorrow) and kwiheba (severe hopelessness) were also examined for agreement with MINI KID diagnosis.
Description of other development procedures, if applicable
Cronbach’s alpha 0.86
Sensitivity 0.819
Spec 0.719
Other information about tool (e.g., additional psychometrics [NPV, PPV, Youden’s index, diagnostic odds ratio]) The area under the ROC curve for the CES-DC using MINI KID MDE diagnosis as the gold
standard was 0.825.
Links to development/adaptation/validation studies and/or previous studies using the tool Betancourt, T., Scorza, P., & Meyers-Ohki, S. (2013). Validating the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children in Rwanda. PsycEXTRA Dataset. doi:10.1037/e593732013-001
Notes when administering the tool Given the age of participants, caregivers reported on children who were too young to complete the assessment independently. The tool should either be administered to the adolescents or to their primary caregiver, as is deemed fit by researchers.  The tool should be administered by trained research assistants who are fluent in Kinyarwanda. All items on the scale are summed with equal weight. The optimal cut-off score for this population was determined to be 30 points.

Amharic Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) – Amharic

Information about Measure
First Name Fentie
Last Name Ambaw
Email Not Available
Affiliation Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Jimma University
Other means of contacting author (e.g., website, Academia.edu, ResearchGate) https://www.linkedin.com/in/dr-fentie-ambaw-55766952
Mental health assessment tool that was adapted/developed/validated The Amharic Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) – Amharic
Mental health condition assessed Anxiety and Depression
Idiom of distress included, if any Not Applicable
Lifestage of interest Childhood or Adolescence
Age range (age – age) 11-15
Country or countries where tool was developed/adapted/validated Ethiopia
Language(s) of the adapted/developed/validated tool Amharic
Clinical or community sample? Clinical
Subpopulation in which tool was developed/validated (e.g., tool was developed and tested among middle-class women)? Sample was drawn from 16 organizations working with orphans in Addis Ababa
Development procedures Culturally adapted
If validated, what was the gold standard?
Description of other development procedures, if applicable
Cronbach’s alpha
Sensitivity
Spec
Other information about tool (e.g., additional psychometrics [NPV, PPV, Youden’s index, diagnostic odds ratio]) Psychometrics were assessed for the anxiety and depression subscales separately and alphas for the full scale were not assessed. The alpha coefficient for the depression subscale was 0.76 and the alpha for the anxiety subscale was 0.81.
Links to development/adaptation/validation studies and/or previous studies using the tool Ambaw, F. (2011). The Structure and Reliability of the Amharic Version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in Orphan Adolescents in Addis Ababa. Ethiopian Journal of Health Sciences, 21(1). doi:10.4314/ejhs.v21i1.69041
Notes when administering the tool Given the age of the participants, the HADS was administered verbally to participants by trained research assistants with high school level education or higher. Each items on the HADS is scored from 0-3 points and a sum score is calculated by summing each item score with equal weight.