Two-Question Screening Test for Depression in Thai

Information about Measure
First Name Suwanna
Last Name Arunpongpaisal
Email Not Available
Affiliation Department of Psychiatry, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
Other means of contacting author (e.g., website, Academia.edu, ResearchGate) —
Mental health assessment tool that was adapted/developed/validated Two-Question Screening Test for Depression
Mental health condition assessed Depressive Disorders
Idiom of distress included, if any 10 in total, compounded into two groups. For instance, Mee-tae-yak-hai (easy crying), Mai-yak-wow (unwanted to talk), Ngoi (low-spirited)
Lifestage of interest Adult (General)
Age range (age – age) ~18 – ~62
Country or countries where tool was developed/adapted/validated Thailand
Language(s) of the adapted/developed/validated tool Thai
Clinical or community sample? Community
Subpopulation in which tool was developed/validated (e.g., tool was developed and tested among middle-class women)? 17 villages in the Northeastern Thai community
Development procedures locally-developed,validated
If validated, what was the gold standard? MINI (mini-international-neuropsychiatric interview) structured psychiatric examination using DSM-IV-TR criteria
Description of other development procedures, if applicable The screener was developed through discussion with the local population to select dialectic words to express depressive mood. This screener was then validated through a cross-sectional criterion study.
Cronbach’s alpha —
Sensitivity 0.719
Spec 0.851
Other information about tool (e.g., additional psychometrics [NPV, PPV, Youden’s index, diagnostic odds ratio]) The two-item screener contains a component that assesses depression and a component that assesses pleasure. The above sensitivities and specificities are reported based on individuals who provided positive answers to both of the questions. These metrics are for the diagnosis of depressive disorder. The sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of major depression are 0.73 and 0.839, respectively. For a more detailed description of subscale psychometrics, please see the reference article.
Citations of development/adaptation/validation studies and/or previous studies using the tool Arunpongpaisal S, Kongsuk T, Maneethorn N, Maneethorn B, Wannasawek K, Leejongpermpoon J, et al. Development and validity of two-question screening test for depressive disorders in Northeastern Thai community. Asian Journal of Psychiatry. 2009;2(4):149-52. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2009.10.002. PubMed PMID: 2009612897.
Notes when administering the tool For the original study, the two-question screener was administered verbally by nurses in a community setting. The screener may be administered by anyone who speaks Thai. The screener contains questions that are answered dichotomously (with yes/no responses).

Akena Visual Depression Inventory (AVIDI)

Information about Measure
First Name Dickens
Last Name Akena
Email Not Available
Affiliation Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, South Africa
Other means of contacting author (e.g., website, Academia.edu, ResearchGate) —
Mental health assessment tool that was adapted/developed/validated Akena Visual Depression Inventory (AVIDI)
Mental health condition assessed Depressive Disorders
Idiom of distress included, if any Not Applicable
Lifestage of interest Adult (General)
Age range (age – age) 18-71
Country or countries where tool was developed/adapted/validated Uganda
Language(s) of the adapted/developed/validated tool NA (visual)
Clinical or community sample? Clinical
Subpopulation in which tool was developed/validated (e.g., tool was developed and tested among middle-class women)? Patients with HIV/AIDS attending the Nsambya Hospital Home care facility
Development procedures locally-developed,validated
If validated, what was the gold standard? MINI depression module
Description of other development procedures, if applicable Using 6 of the 9 diagnostic criteria outlined in the DSM-IV-TR, as well as one cultural explanatory symptom of depression, the authors worked with a fine artist to depict each symptom visually. The visual instrument was then validated against the MINI depression module among people living with HIV/AIDS.
Cronbach’s alpha —
Sensitivity 0.75
Spec 0.71
Other information about tool (e.g., additional psychometrics [NPV, PPV, Youden’s index, diagnostic odds ratio]) For the full-length version of the AVIDI, the suggested cut-off is a score of 10, which corresponds with the sensitivity and specificity values listed. The AUC for the full-length AVIDI was 0.82, with a PPV of 50 and NPV of 83.
Citations of development/adaptation/validation studies and/or previous studies using the tool Akena, D, Joska, J, Musisi, S, Stein, DJ. Sensitivity and specificity of a visual depression screening instrument among HIV-positive individuals in Uganda, an area with low literacy. AIDS Behav 2012; 16: 2399–406

 
Notes when administering the tool The AVIDI is a visual tool that is  is intended for use in low-literacy populations.
Scoring is as follows: 1. Sadness: scored as 1 if participant endorses healthy (normal) option or 2 if sad 2. Crying spells: scored as 1 if participant endorses healthy (normal) option or 2 if cries frequently 3. Loss of interest: scored as 1 if participant endorses healthy (normal) option or 2 if has lost interest. 4. Worries/Thoughts scored as (a) 0 if participant endorses neither option (i.e. doesn’t endorse worries or too many thoughts), or as a 2 if the participant endorses too many thoughts. 5. Lack of energy: scored as 1 if participant endorses healthy (normal) option or 2 if lacks energy. 6. Loss of appetite: scored as 1 if participant endorses healthy (normal) option or 2 if poor appetite. 7. Suicide scored as 1 if participant endorses healthy (normal) option and 3 if suicidal. The maximum score is 17.

Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) – Burkina Faso

Information about Measure
First Name Rebecca
Last Name Baggaley
Email Not Available
Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Other means of contacting author (e.g., website, Academia.edu, ResearchGate) —
Mental health assessment tool that was adapted/developed/validated Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) – Burkina Faso
Mental health condition assessed Depressive Disorders
Idiom of distress included, if any Not Applicable
Lifestage of interest Adult (General)
Age range (age – age) 17-46
Country or countries where tool was developed/adapted/validated Burkina Faso
Language(s) of the adapted/developed/validated tool West African French, Moore, and Dioula
Clinical or community sample? Other
Subpopulation in which tool was developed/validated (e.g., tool was developed and tested among middle-class women)? Postpartum women and women with early pregnancy loss enrolled in a separate cohort study
Development procedures validated
If validated, what was the gold standard? Clinical diagnosis based on the ICD-10 criteria, assessed during psychiatric interviews
Description of other development procedures, if applicable
Cronbach’s alpha 0.87
Sensitivity 0.59
Spec 0.91
Other information about tool (e.g., additional psychometrics [NPV, PPV, Youden’s index, diagnostic odds ratio]) —
Citations of development/adaptation/validation studies and/or previous studies using the tool Baggaley, R. F., Ganaba, R., Filippi, V., Kere, M., Marshall, T., Sombié, I.,Patel, V. (2007). Short communication: Detecting depression after pregnancy: the validity of the K10 and K6 in Burkina Faso. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 12(10), 1225–1229. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2007.01906.x
Notes when administering the tool The tool may be administered by anyone who can read/write in the appropriate language (this tool has three versions: West African French, Moore, and Dioula) in order to reach the majority population of Burkina Faso and local language groups. Scores are calculated by summing all items with equal weight. Based on the listed psychometrics, the suggested cut-off is a score of greater than or equal to 14.