Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)- Nigeria
| Information about Measure | |
|---|---|
| First Name | Abiodun |
| Last Name | Adewuya |
| Not Available | |
| Affiliation | Obafemi Awolowo University |
| Other means of contacting author (e.g., website, Academia.edu, ResearchGate) | https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Abiodun_Adewuya |
| Mental health assessment tool that was adapted/developed/validated | Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) in Nigeria |
| Mental health condition assessed | Depressive Disorders |
| Idiom of distress included, if any | Not Applicable |
| Lifestage of interest | Adult (General) |
| Age range (age – age) | 15-40 |
| Country or countries where tool was developed/adapted/validated | Nigeria |
| Language(s) of the adapted/developed/validated tool | English |
| Clinical or community sample? | Community |
| Subpopulation in which tool was developed/validated (e.g., tool was developed and tested among middle-class women)? | Tested among university students |
| Development procedures | validated |
| If validated, what was the gold standard? | Validated against DSM-IV diagnosis by a clinician |
| Description of other development procedures, if applicable | — |
| Cronbach’s alpha | 0.85 |
| Sensitivity | 0.897 |
| Spec | 0.989 |
| Other information about tool (e.g., additional psychometrics [NPV, PPV, Youden’s index, diagnostic odds ratio]) | The psychometric properties recorded for this entry refer to the items that assess minor depressive disorder. Additional psychometrics include: PPV of 0.875, NPV of 0.981, and overall correct classification (OCC) rate of 0.973 all using an optimal cut-off score of 5. For major depressive disorder, the optimal cut-off score was determined to be a 10 and had a sensitivity of 0.846, specificity of 0.994, PPV of 0.750, NPV of 0.996, and OCC of 0.992. |
| Links to development/adaptation/validation studies and/or previous studies using the tool | Adewuya AO, Ola BA, Afolabi OO. Validity of the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) as a screening tool for depression amongst Nigerian university students. J Affect Disord. 2006;96(1-2):89-93. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2006.05.021 |
| Notes when administering the tool | The PHQ is a 9 item scale that is scored on a point system from 0-3 and all items are summed with equal weight, giving a maximum score of 27. As noted above, optimal cut-off scores were determined to be a 5 for minor depressive disorder and a 10 for major depressive disorder. Since the sample population was well-educated, trained research assistants provided them with a written copy of the scale. Sample literacy should be considered in all future studies. |