Child Psychosocial Distress Screener (CPDS)
| Information about Measure | |
|---|---|
| First Name | Mark |
| Last Name | Jordans |
| Affiliation | Center for Global Mental Health |
| Other means of contacting author (e.g., website, Academia.edu, ResearchGate) | https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mark_Jordans |
| Mental health assessment tool that was adapted/developed/validated | Child Psychosocial Distress Screener (CPDS) |
| Mental health condition assessed | Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders |
| Idiom of distress included, if any | Not Applicable |
| Lifestage of interest | Childhood or Adolescence |
| Age range (age – age) | 7-17 |
| Country or countries where tool was developed/adapted/validated | Burundi |
| Language(s) of the adapted/developed/validated tool | Kirundi |
| Clinical or community sample? | Community |
| Subpopulation in which tool was developed/validated (e.g., tool was developed and tested among middle-class women)? | — |
| Development procedures | Culturally adapted, validated, and locally developed |
| If validated, what was the gold standard? | — |
| Description of other development procedures, if applicable | Based on clinical experience and a literature review, the study authors developed an initial set of eight items assessing traumatic and current distress, protective factors, and academic functioning. These were translated into Kirundi, reviewed, and blindly back-translated. This instrument was pilot-tested in focus groups with local community members and modified to include additional probes based on feedback. The final instrument was then field-tested in a community sample of children (n=2,240), and a smaller subsample (n=65) were administered a clinical psychosocial assessment and the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children (K–SADS) by a psychiatrist.
Reliability for the final seven-item measure was low (Cronbach’s alpha =..53) but the inclusion of subquestions increased reliability to good (.88). Test–retest analyses demonstrated a Spearman–Brown coefficient of .83 ( p< .001) and Pearson correlation of .71 ( p <.001).
CPDS total scores were able to significantly distinguish between children with clinical diagnoses using the K-SADS (p<.001).
|
| Cronbach’s alpha | .54 |
| Sensitivity | .80-.94 |
| Spec | .65-.75 |
| Other information about tool (e.g., additional psychometrics [NPV, PPV, Youden’s index, diagnostic odds ratio]) | |
| Links to development/adaptation/validation studies and/or previous studies using the tool | Jordans, M. J., Ventevogel, P., Komproe, I. H., Tol, W. A., & de Jong, J. T. (2008). Development and validation of the child psychosocial distress screener in Burundi. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 78(3), 290-299. |
| Notes when administering the tool | The tool should be administered verbally by a trained research assistant who is fluent in Kirundi. The tool consists of seven items, five for the child and two for the child’s teacher. The child items ask for exposure to traumatic events, appraised traumatic distress, current distress, perceived social support, and coping. The teacher items ask for observed distress within the school setting and school attendance (see Appendix in the cited article for the full questionnaire). |